CARBOHYDRATES
Any of various neutral compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (such as sugars, starches, and celluloses), most of which are formed by green plants and are basically sugars and starches.
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CONFIGURED POLYPEPTIDES
A specific arrangement of predigested amino acids (a small protein containing many molecules of amino acid, typically between 10 and 100).
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CYSTEINE AND CYSTINE
Cysteine is a crucial and rare precursor of glutathione. Without it, glutathione cannot be synthesized. Other main dietary sources of cysteine include raw egg white, milk, and meat, in which traces of it are found.
Cystine, containing cysteine, is found in concentration in the proprietary configured polypeptides of the IMUPlus formula and determines its effectiveness.
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DENATURATION
A normally irreversible change in the structure of protein caused by mechanical stress, heat, acid, alkali or other agents, which can result in coagulation and reduction in solubility. Denatured proteins lose biological activity, but not nutritional value. However, the glutathione precursors found in food sources must have biological activity in order to be effectively utilized in the glutathione pathway. Most whey proteins can become highly denatured through their production processes. In addition, the blending and processes of adding flowing agents, sweeteners, flavorings, vitamins, etc. to a whey protein product of any type, can further cause denaturation of the final product.
IMUPlus formula is manufactured to maintain the biological activity of proprietary configured polypeptides, and then packaged protected, in individual serving size pouches, to assure the biological activity is delivered to consumer.
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FATS
Lipid is the technical term for fat or fat-like substances. Fats are composed of fatty acids, and at least two are essential, that is they must be consumed in our diets. These essential fats are broken down into two groups: omega 3 and omega 6. Not all fat is bad; in fact, many important functions of our bodies depend on fats.
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FREE RADICAL
A free radical is an atom or a molecule that has one or more unpaired electrons. Unpaired oxygen atoms and hydroxyl radicals are examples of naturally occurring free radicals. A feature of the reactions of free radicals is that they tend to proceed as chain reactions that perpetuate their harmful effect on cells and cell components—including cellular membranes, protein and DNA.
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GLUTATHIONE (GSH)
A tripeptide composed of three amino acids- glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. Scientifically it is known as the tripeptide, y-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine (GSH). Important in the protection against oxidative damage, since it can be oxidized to the disulphide compound (GSSG), which can then be reduced back to active glutathione
Glutathione (GSH) is essential to the immune system’s health. A vital necessity for the function of a healthy immune system, cellular detoxification, and anti-aging factor.
The essential glutathione promoting cystine, found in IMUPlus supports the normal function of the immune system and detoxification pathways.
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GLYCOMACROPEPTIDE
A hererogeneous fraction of peptides formed by the action of rennet on casein. It reportedly has influence over the smooth muscle in the gut and has a aromatic amino acid-free protein source with potential dietetic applications. Most of the research to date with glycomacropeptide (GMP) has centered around a peculiar bioactive behavior. GMP stimulates the release of a hormone called cholecystokinin (CCK) in the gastrointestinal tract. CCK has the following effects. 1). Acts on nerves in the lining of your stomach, which tells your brain your stomach is full, 2) Slows the movement of food from your stomach so you feel full longer. 3) Works directly on the appetite control centers in the brain.
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IMUPlus (SBI WHEY)
Proprietary configured polypeptides, >99% non-denatured whey formula. Not all Whey Protein Concentrates or Whey Protein Isolates are alike. More commonly used whey proteins are heat processed and do not possess the bioactivity of cold processed whey. Optimal biological activity of whey protein is dependent on the non-denatured conformation of the individual whey proteins available with cold processing. The unique proprietary cold processing of SBI Whey in IMUPlus leads to the greater biological activity and bioavailability of its configured polypeptides which support such immune functions as: DNA and RNA repair, antioxidant and hemoglobin production, binding and removal of heavy metals and wound healing. SBI Whey in the IMUPlus formula contains concentrated amounts of alpha lactalbumin (similar to mothers' milk), serum albumin, lactoferrin and beta lactoglobulin, all relatively high in non-denatured cystine, which is supportive in the glutathione (GSH) pathway.

LABILE
Capable of changing state or becoming inactive when subjected to mechanical stress, heat and radiation, as for example the proteins found in cow’s milk which contain cystine, the glutathione precursor.
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LACTOFERRIN
Lactoferrin is a bioactive component of IMUPlus. It is very similar to transferrin which is found in the blood stream. Lactoferrin possesses a number of valuable biological properties.

1. Antiviral activity: The mechanism of action appears to be the inhibition of the absorption process of the virus particle to the cell. This activity has been demonstrated against HIV and CMV (Harmsen, 1995), Herpes simplex types and 2 (Marchetti et al., 1998), hepatitis C (Yi et al., 1997), influenza (Kawasaki et al., 1993), and rotavirus. (Superti et al., 1997)
2. Antibacterial activity: Lactoferrin accomplishes its antibacterial activity by at least two mechanisms: sequestering iron away from the bacteria and binding to the cell wall of the bacteria and destabilizing it. This action of lactoferrin is especially potent against many pathogens yet leaves normal flora of the gut, such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli intact.
3. Pathogens with a high requirement for iron in which lactoferrin has been found to have antibacterial activity include Coliforms, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus species and Listeria monocytogenes. (Reiter, 1985 Renner, 1989, Yamauchi, 1991)
4. Antifungal activity: This includes candida. (Samaranayake et al., 1997)
5. Iron Transport: Lactoferrin has an extremely high affinity for iron. It also possesses the unique ability to transport iron and release it again at specific receptor cells in the colon. This allows iron to be absorbed (and thus be made available for hemoglobin and red cell production) without having to use high doses or oral iron supplements. (Kawakami et al., 1988)
6. Immune Modulation: The most important pool of circulating lactoferrin is found in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. During infection, neutrophils release lactoferrin, which binds up iron, making it unavailable to the pathogen. (Sanchez, 1992)
7. Antioxidant: Lactoferrin binds up free iron, i.e. iron that is not biologically complexed. Free iron is a potent free radical. (Marx, 1996)

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OXIDATION
Normal but damaging result of cellular metabolism involved in the immune response. Reactive oxygen compounds produced by oxidation can cause serious injuries to vital cell constituents. Antioxidants, such as glutathione derived from the IMUPlus bioactive glutathione promoting formula, can act to counter the damaging effects of oxidation, and help to maintain the activity of other antioxidants.
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PRECURSOR
A chemical that is transformed into another compound thus precedes it in the synthetic pathway. In the absence of such a precursor, the second compound will not be produced.
Cysteine, found as cystine in the IMUPlus formula is a natural precursor of glutathione.
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PROTEIN
Any of a group of complex organic compounds, consisting essentially of combinations of amino acids in peptide linkages, that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur. Widely distributed in plants and animals, proteins are the principal constituent of the protoplasm of all cells and are essential to life. As much as one-half of our dry body weight, including most of our muscle mass, skin, hair, eyes, and nails is made up of protein. A certain number of amino acids are essential to our diet. They cannot be made by our bodies.
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SBI WHEY (IMUPlus)
Proprietary configured polypeptides, >99% non-denatured whey formula. Not all Whey Protein Concentrates or Whey Protein Isolates are alike. More commonly used whey proteins are heat processed and do not possess the bioactivity of cold processed whey. Optimal biological activity of whey protein is dependent on the non-denatured conformation of the individual whey proteins available with cold processing. The unique proprietary cold processing of SBI Whey in IMUPlus leads to the greater biological activity and bioavailability of its configured polypeptides which support such immune functions as: DNA and RNA repair, antioxidant and hemoglobin production, binding and removal of heavy metals and wound healing. SBI Whey in the IMUPlus formula contains concentrated amounts of alpha lactalbumin (similar to mothers' milk), serum albumin, lactoferrin and beta lactoglobulin, all relatively high in non-denatured cystine, which is supportive in the glutathione (GSH) pathway.
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WHEY - ION-EXCHANGE
Removal of protein from whey through chemically binding through specially developed resins. The binding is reversible via pH adjustments, and the protein in the eluted material is subsequently concentrated via ultrafiltration. Most commercial resins capture all the major protein fractions with the exception of glycomacropeptide which is lost.
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WHEY - PROTEIN CONCENTRATE (WPC)
After removal of the casein protein, the product is filtered through membranes with the result being a product with anywhere from 35% to 85% protein. This is officially referred to by the dairy industry as Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC).
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WHEY - PROTEIN ISOLATE (WPI)
Not all whey protein isolate products are alike. The processes employed in manufacturing WPI significantly affect 1) which bioactive proteins are isolated and preserved and 2) the quality of these proteins (i.e. the degree of denaturation). The processes employed to obtain Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) are microfiltration, ultrafiltration, spray drying, and other elite proprietary processes.
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